6th Church: Philadelphia

To the Angel of the Church of Philadelphia

Revelation 3:7-13

Timothy C. McKeown

     I.      Christ’s Description- (Rev. 3:7)

1. He Is Holy and True (See Rev. 6:10)

2. Has The Key Of David (See Isa. 22:22)

3. Opens And No One Shuts, Shuts And No One Opens (See again Isa. 22:22)

   II.      Commendations (3:8, 10)

1. Power-they have a little strength (Gr: micron dunamin)

2. Perseverance - kept His word (See John 8:51-55; 14:15, 21, 23-24; 15:20; 17:6; 1 Jn 2:5)

3. Proclamation - have not denied My name

4. Patience - kept the word of My patience

                        i.    Christ will keep the church from the hour of temptation

                       ii.    Temptation will try those who remain on the earth

 III.      Condemnation – None for the church (3:9)

1. False Jews (synagogue of Satan)

                        i.    Will worship at the church’s feet (See Isa 60:14)

                       ii.    Will know that Christ loves the church (See Rev. 1:7)

 IV.      Commands (3:11)

1. Hold fast what you have, that no one may take your crown

  V.      Consequences (3:12)

1. Pillars - Overcomers will be pillars in the temple of God

2. Permanence - They shall go out no more

3. Protection - Written on them will be the names of

                        i.    God Himself (Exodus 23: 20-22, 1 Kings 11:36)

                       ii.    God’s City, the new Jerusalem (see Ps. 46, 2 Kings 21:4)

                     iii.    God’s Son’s new name

Historical Setting: It was a small, young but well-traveled city. Like Sardis, it was destroyed in 17 AD by an earthquake and continued to have tremors for years afterwards. The permanence of Christ (who firmly shuts and opens doors) and the promise of permanence in the heavenly city (“he shall go no more out”) would have been reassuring to this teetering town. After being rebuilt, it received a new name, “Neocaesarea” or “new Caesar” and during the reign of Vespasian, it went by the name of Flavia. By the time of John’s writing, it had returned to the name of Philadelphia.

Name Defined:  Philadelphia was named by King Eumenes II of Pergamum (197-160 BC) as a tribute to his brother and successor Attalus II (159-138 BC) whom he nicknamed "Philadelphos" (Greek=“love for brother”).

Church History Parallel: “The Preferred Church” (18^th Century-Tribulation)-The modern missionary movement is most often traced to William Carey who went to India in 1792. When he expressed his desire for reaching the world with the gospel, he was told, “Sit down, young man, if God wants to save the heathen in India he will do it without your help or mine.” There have always been missionaries throughout Christianity, most notably by the Roman Catholic Jesuits. However, extremists’ views of “predestination” and the infancy of Protestant churches led to a dead, “Sardis” church, often devoid of concern for evangelism. In the 1700s, churches as a whole began to initiate “missionary societies” and collective efforts to reach the lost strategically. The letter to the church of “brotherly love” explains that God alone opens and shuts doors to salvation, and He sets before the church “an open door” . This church does not deny Jesus’ name, sees the conversion of Jews, is loved by Christ, and is kept from the tribulation of the world. 

     

 ⁷ “And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write, ‘These things says He who is holy, He who is true, “He who has the key of David, He who opens and no one shuts, and shuts and no one opens”

The fact that God is Holy and True is appealed to again when those who have been martyred call upon Him in Revelation 6:10 (“And they cried with a loud voice, saying, “How long, O Lord, holy and true, until You judge and avenge our blood on those who dwell on the earth?”). When we are going through hard and difficult times, it is wonderful to remember that God is Holy and True. The fact that Jesus holds the key of David recalls to their minds the prophecy of Isaiah 22:22[1] which stated that Eliakim, whose name means “One whom God raises or resurrects”, will carry the key to the House of David. The story in Isaiah shows that Shebna was like an old peg that held vessels on a sure wall, and Eliakim is a new peg on the same wall. Those who put their faith in the old peg will fall, but the new peg will stay strong. The reference to Isaiah shows that Christ and the New Covenant are superior to Judaism and the Old Covenant.

This passage also is reminiscent of Matthew 16:19, which talks about the keys of the kingdom of heaven. “And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.” Things bound on earth are bound in heaven and things loosed on earth are loosed in heaven. The decision or key to heaven is made here on earth only. If we tell others about Christ here on earth, they are freed to go to heaven. God is the one who opens the door, but He commissions us to go and give the key to those here on earth.

⁸ I know your works. See, I have set before you an open door, and no one can shut it; for you have a little strength, have kept My word, and have not denied My name.

The open door set before the church is the door for evangelism. God does the saving or the “opening” of the door, but He invites us to participate with Him in sharing with others. We will see later that only those who refuse to open the door are the ones who refuse to have Christ come and sup with them (Revelation 3:20[2]).

“A little strength” is mikron  dunamin  (Gr: micron dunamin) with strength being the same word from which we get the word “dynamite.” A little strength with God’s power can be like a little bit of dynamite. Paul uses the word in 2 Corinthians 12:9 “And he said unto me, My grace is sufficient for thee: for my strength is made perfect in weakness. Most gladly therefore will I rather glory in my infirmities, that the power of Christ may rest upon me.”(Both underlined word are “dunamin”.

Keeping the Words of Jesus is a recurring theme in the Gospel and epistle of John. It is the same as eternal life, knowing God (John 8:51-55[3]), loving God (14:15-24), being a servant of Christ and receiving the same type of persecution as Christ (15:20), belonging to God (17:6) and having God’s love perfected in us (1 John 2:5).

Titus 1:16 says that if a person claims to be a Christian, but in his works, he denies God, they are really not a Christian. Likewise, the Philadelphian church did not deny Christ’s name because their Christ-like works, known by Christ, acknowledged His name. To deny Christ means Christ will deny us before God (Matthew 10:33). Peter, who denied Christ three times, has the harshest of words in all of Scripture for those who deny the Lord (see 2 Peter 2), but it is not a verbal denial, but rather the denial of Christ in actions that is so reprehensible. Instead, we must deny ourselves and take up the cross daily and follow Christ (Luke 9:23).

⁹ Indeed I will make those of the synagogue of Satan, who say they are Jews and are not, but lie--indeed I will make them come and worship before your feet, and to know that I have loved you.

This is another strong indication that the church of Philadelphia is not only a church of John’s day, but also a church of prophecy. Jews who reject Christ will someday look upon the Christ whom they had pierced (Revelation 1:7). The evangelizing Philadelphian church era has seen great numbers of Jewish people coming to accept Jesus as their Messiah, beginning in the 1800s and even more in the late 20^th century, according to “Jews for Jesus.” It is ironic that the prophecy of Isaiah 60:14 (“Also the sons of those who afflicted you Shall come bowing to you, And all those who despised you shall fall prostrate at the soles of your feet; And they shall call you The City of the Lord, Zion of the Holy One of Israel.”) is actually to be reversed with the Philadelphian church.

¹⁰ Because you have kept My command to persevere, I also will keep you from the hour of trial (temptation, KJV) which shall come upon the whole world, to test those who dwell on the earth. ¹¹ Behold, I am coming quickly! Hold fast what you have, that no one may take your crown.

This is another prophecy that the church will be raptured before the Great Tribulation, if this is what Jesus is referring to in the “hour of temptation.” Temptation is the word used almost exclusively by evil and Satan, and sounds like the Great Tribulation which will come upon the “whole world.” The reference of “I am coming quickly” also seems to indicate Jesus’ imminent and sudden return for the church. While we cannot lose our salvation, we can lose some of our “crowns” or rewards.

¹² He who overcomes, I will make him a pillar in the temple of My God, and he shall go out no more. And I will write on him the name of My God and the name of the city of My God, the New Jerusalem, which comes down out of heaven from My God. And I will write on him My new name. ¹³ He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.” ’

The name of God and the new name of God’s Son are obvious, when we consider that the power of the name means identification. But the name of the city of God, the New Jerusalem, takes on a new significance when we read Psalm 46, which talks about God’s protection in a city. A city and citizenship within that city meant protection and strength and permanence. Jesus holds the key and will give us a permanent place of protection.

Practical Application: If we truly love our brothers, we should witness to them in word and deed.

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[1] “The key of the house of David I will lay on his shoulder; So he shall open, and no one shall shut; And he shall shut, and no one shall open.”

[2] “Behold, I stand at the door and knock. If anyone hears My voice and opens the door, I will come in to him and dine with him, and he with Me.”

[3]  ⁵¹ Most assuredly, I say to you, if anyone keeps My word he shall never see death.”

⁵² Then the Jews said to Him, “Now we know that You have a demon! Abraham is dead, and the prophets; and You say, ‘If anyone keeps My word he shall never taste death.’ ⁵³ Are You greater than our father Abraham, who is dead? And the prophets are dead. Who do You make Yourself out to be?”

⁵⁴ Jesus answered, “If I honor Myself, My honor is nothing. It is My Father who honors Me, of whom you say that He is your God. ⁵⁵ Yet you have not known Him, but I know Him. And if I say, ‘I do not know Him,’ I shall be a liar like you; but I do know Him and keep His word.