To the Angel of the Church
of Philadelphia
Revelation 3:7-13
Timothy C. McKeown
I. Christ’s Description- (Rev. 3:7)
1. He Is Holy and True (See Rev. 6:10)
2. Has The Key Of David (See Isa. 22:22)
3. Opens And No One Shuts, Shuts And No One Opens (See again Isa. 22:22)
II. Commendations (3:8, 10)
1. Power-they have a little strength (Gr: micron dunamin)
2. Perseverance - kept His word (See John 8:51-55; 14:15, 21, 23-24; 15:20; 17:6; 1 Jn 2:5)
3. Proclamation - have not denied My name
4. Patience - kept the word of My patience
i. Christ will keep the church from the hour of temptation
ii. Temptation will try those who remain on the earth
III. Condemnation – None for the church (3:9)
1. False Jews (synagogue of Satan)
i. Will worship at the church’s feet (See Isa 60:14)
ii. Will know that Christ loves the church (See Rev. 1:7)
IV. Commands (3:11)
1. Hold fast what you have, that no one may take your crown
V. Consequences (3:12)
1. Pillars - Overcomers will be pillars in the temple of God
2. Permanence - They shall go out no more
3. Protection - Written on them will be the names of
i. God Himself (Exodus 23: 20-22, 1 Kings 11:36)
ii. God’s City, the new Jerusalem (see Ps. 46, 2 Kings 21:4)
iii. God’s Son’s new name
Historical Setting: It was a small, young but
well-traveled city. Like Sardis,
it was destroyed in 17 AD by an earthquake and continued to have tremors for
years afterwards. The permanence of Christ (who firmly shuts and opens doors)
and the promise of permanence in the heavenly city (“he shall go no more out”)
would have been reassuring to this teetering town. After being rebuilt, it
received a new name, “Neocaesarea” or “new Caesar” and during the reign of
Vespasian, it went by the name of Flavia. By the time of John’s writing, it had
returned to the name of Philadelphia.
Name Defined: Philadelphia was named by King Eumenes II of
Pergamum (197-160 BC) as a tribute to his brother and successor Attalus II
(159-138 BC) whom he nicknamed "Philadelphos" (Greek=“love for brother”).
Church History
Parallel: “The Preferred
Church” (18th
Century-Tribulation)-The modern missionary movement is most often traced to William Carey
who went to India
in 1792. When he expressed his desire for reaching the world with the gospel,
he was told, “Sit down, young man, if God wants to save the heathen in India
he will do it without your help or mine.” There have always been missionaries
throughout Christianity, most notably by the Roman Catholic Jesuits. However, extremists’
views of “predestination” and the infancy of Protestant churches led to a dead,
“Sardis”
church, often devoid of concern for evangelism. In the 1700s, churches as a
whole began to initiate “missionary societies” and collective efforts to reach
the lost strategically. The letter to the church of “brotherly love” explains
that God alone opens and shuts doors to salvation, and He sets before the
church “an open door” . This church does not deny Jesus’ name, sees the
conversion of Jews, is loved by Christ, and is kept from the tribulation of the
world.
7 “And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write, ‘These things
says He who is holy, He who is true, “He who has the key of David, He who opens
and no one shuts, and shuts and no one opens”
The
fact that God is Holy and True is appealed to again when those who have been
martyred call upon Him in Revelation 6:10 (“And they cried with a loud
voice, saying, “How long, O Lord, holy and true, until You judge and avenge our
blood on those who dwell on the earth?”). When we are going through hard
and difficult times, it is wonderful to remember that God is Holy and True. The
fact that Jesus holds the key of David recalls to their minds the prophecy of
Isaiah 22:22
which stated that Eliakim, whose name means “One whom God raises or resurrects”,
will carry the key to the House of David. The story in Isaiah shows that Shebna
was like an old peg that held vessels on a sure wall, and Eliakim is a new peg
on the same wall. Those who put their faith in the old peg will fall, but the
new peg will stay strong. The reference to Isaiah shows that Christ and the New
Covenant are superior to Judaism and the Old Covenant.
This
passage also is reminiscent of Matthew 16:19, which talks about the keys of the
kingdom of heaven. “And I will give unto
thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth
shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be
loosed in heaven.” Things bound on earth are bound in heaven and things
loosed on earth are loosed in heaven. The decision or key to heaven is made
here on earth only. If we tell others about Christ here on earth, they are
freed to go to heaven. God is the one who opens the door, but He commissions us
to go and give the key to those here on earth.
8 I know your works. See, I have set before you an open
door, and no one can shut it; for you have a little strength, have kept My
word, and have not denied My name.
The
open door set before the church is the door for evangelism. God does the saving
or the “opening” of the door, but He invites us to participate with Him in
sharing with others. We will see later that only those who refuse to open the
door are the ones who refuse to have Christ come and sup with them (Revelation 3:20).
“A
little strength” is mikron dunamin (Gr: micron dunamin) with strength being the
same word from which we get the word “dynamite.” A little strength with God’s
power can be like a little bit of dynamite. Paul uses the word in 2 Corinthians
12:9 “And he said unto me, My grace is
sufficient for thee: for my strength is made perfect in weakness. Most
gladly therefore will I rather glory in my infirmities, that the power
of Christ may rest upon me.”(Both underlined word are “dunamin”.
Keeping
the Words of Jesus is a recurring theme in the Gospel and epistle of John. It
is the same as eternal life, knowing God (John 8:51-55), loving
God (14:15-24), being a
servant of Christ and receiving the same type of persecution as Christ (15:20), belonging to God (17:6) and
having God’s love perfected in us (1 John 2:5).
Titus 1:16 says that if a person claims to
be a Christian, but in his works, he denies God, they are really not a
Christian. Likewise, the Philadelphian church did not deny Christ’s name because
their Christ-like works, known by Christ, acknowledged His name. To deny Christ
means Christ will deny us before God (Matthew 10:33). Peter, who denied Christ
three times, has the harshest of words in all of Scripture for those who deny
the Lord (see 2 Peter 2), but it is not a verbal denial, but rather the denial
of Christ in actions that is so reprehensible. Instead, we must deny ourselves
and take up the cross daily and follow Christ (Luke 9:23).
9 Indeed I will make those of the synagogue of Satan, who
say they are Jews and are not, but lie--indeed I will make them come and
worship before your feet, and to know that I have loved you.
This is
another strong indication that the church
of Philadelphia is not
only a church of John’s day, but also a church of
prophecy. Jews who reject Christ will someday look upon the Christ whom they
had pierced (Revelation 1:7). The evangelizing Philadelphian church era has
seen great numbers of Jewish people coming to accept Jesus as their Messiah,
beginning in the 1800s and even more in the late 20th century,
according to “Jews for Jesus.” It is ironic that the prophecy of Isaiah 60:14 (“Also the sons of those who afflicted you
Shall come bowing to you, And all those who despised you shall fall prostrate
at the soles of your feet; And they shall call you The City of the Lord, Zion
of the Holy One of Israel.”) is actually to be reversed with the
Philadelphian church.
10 Because you have kept My command to persevere, I also
will keep you from the hour of trial (temptation, KJV) which shall come upon
the whole world, to test those who dwell on the earth. 11 Behold, I am coming quickly! Hold fast what you have,
that no one may take your crown.
This is
another prophecy that the church will be raptured before the Great Tribulation,
if this is what Jesus is referring to in the “hour of temptation.” Temptation
is the word used almost exclusively by evil and Satan, and sounds like the
Great Tribulation which will come upon the “whole world.” The reference of “I
am coming quickly” also seems to indicate Jesus’ imminent and sudden return for
the church. While we cannot lose our salvation, we can lose some of our
“crowns” or rewards.
12 He who overcomes, I will make him a pillar in the temple
of My God, and he shall go out no more. And I will write on him the name of My
God and the name of the city of My God, the New Jerusalem, which comes down out
of heaven from My God. And I will write on him My new name. 13 He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to
the churches.” ’
The
name of God and the new name of God’s Son are obvious, when we consider that
the power of the name means identification. But the name of the city of God, the New Jerusalem,
takes on a new significance when we read Psalm 46, which talks about God’s
protection in a city. A city and citizenship within that city meant protection
and strength and permanence. Jesus holds the key and will give us a permanent
place of protection.
Practical Application: If we
truly love our brothers, we should witness to them in word and deed.